Zeytinburnu’s Top 5 Highlights
Zeytinburnu, located on the western gateway of Istanbul, has been an important transit route with a cosmopolitan demographic of diverse cultures, languages, and beliefs. In the Roman and Byzantine eras, Zeytinburnu was a small coastal village known as Kiklobion. As it was located outside the city walls, it had a low population density and was vulnerable to danger. However, it had a valuable characteristic as the last stop for those coming to Istanbul and the first destination for those leaving Istanbul, making it the center of continuous social and economic activity.
Panorama 1453 History Museum
The museum offers a visual feast that represents the conquest that changed the ancient city’s history, and it is a must-see. Prepared with the efforts of eight artists working for more than three years, you can find every detail about the conquest of Istanbul inside the museum. While watching the panoramic views with sound effects, you can relive the excitement and brilliance of the conquest.
Church of St. Mary of the Spring (Balıklı Virgin Mary Greek Orthodox Monastery)
One of the oldest historical structures in the district, this building is worth visiting due to its classic Byzantine church architecture and striking appearance. The construction of the still-functioning church dates back to the fifth century.
Yenikapı Mevlevi Lodge
Representing an important work of the Ottoman era, the Mevlevi Lodge’s significance is enhanced by the fact that famous figures were trained there. Prominent names from Ottoman families, such as Itri, Sheikh Galip, and Calligrapher Ali Nutki, were educated in the Mevlevi Lodge, which was built by the efforts of Janissary Chief Malkoç Mehmed. It was the first Mevlevi lodge opened in Istanbul at that time.
Topkapı Culture Park
The historical importance of this park is significant as it is located where the first breach of the walls occurred during the conquest of Istanbul and where the first raids were carried out by the vanguard.
Balıklı Greek Church
Located in Zeytinburnu, the historical church’s original name is Panagia Pege, and it impresses with its architectural structure. Also known as the Virgin Mary Church, the Balıklı Greek Church was built by Byzantine Emperor Leo I in the 5th century. The historical church, which has been restored in various periods, has managed to survive intact to the present day while preserving its original form. The Balıklı Greek Church, which has witnessed history for centuries, is a must-see place due to its magnificent appearance.
The Egnatia Road, built by the Romans in the 2nd century BC, which connected the Adriatic to Istanbul, passed through Zeytinburnu. The approximately 1200 km-long Egnatia Road was an important branch of the massive transportation network that made Rome a powerful empire and a strong symbol of the empire’s dominance over the Balkans and Thrace. This route maintained its significance during the Ottoman era as well.
Zeytinburnu largely followed a parallel development line with Bakırköy. Bakırköy was a powerful military and political center located 7 miles from the zero point of the Egnatia Road, next to Hagia Sophia. Zeytinburnu was a suburban area that could be easily reached from Bakırköy.
In the 5th century, Zeytinburnu became one of the favorite settlements of the Byzantine Empire. Emperor Leo I’s construction of the Panayia Church and Balıklı Ayazma next to it in the second half of the century, Emperor Justinian I’s expansion and renovation of the church, and the burial of some patriarchs in the area indicate the region’s importance in terms of Christianity.
Thanks to the Piyi Palace built by Emperor Basil I near Balıklı Ayazma in the 9th century, the area became a true attraction center. In addition to Ayazma, Çırpıcı Çayırı was also among the places where people gathered during sacred days and fairs.
Zeytinburnu’s importance increased further when Fatih Sultan Mehmed, who conquered Istanbul, had Yedikule Fortress built by reinforcing the land walls dating back to the time of II. Theodosius between the Golden Horn and the Marmara Sea.